Synthetic resin composition



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y z,oss,o35 I V I synrnar oassm COMPOSITION/3, Sydney Leonard Morgan Saunders, London,

s England I No Drawing i A pplication March 2,1935, Serial No. In Great. Britain April 26, 1934 7 4 Claims. (oi.2so-4');--

.This invention relates to synthetic resin combenzoic, or the acids derived from tats, vegetable positions suitable for varnishes. oils and naturally occurring resins.

It is known that when a phenol is allowed to The phenol aldehyde condensation products react with an aldehyde, such as formaldehyde, may be prepared from phenol or any substituted 5 in the presence of catalysts, resins are formed phenol or mixture such as cresol, cresylic acid, which are suitable for use as coatings, which use para tertiary butyl phenol, or from any polyhowever, is restricted by their solubility and nuclear phenol, in the presence of acid, or a1ka- UNITED-"STATES PATENT-QOFFIC flexibility. line or neutral media such that the product is Various processes have been proposed hitherto still in an easily fusible condition. for preparing phenol-aldehyde resins which are The inventionalso includes a process whereby soluble in vegetable oils. These methods involve vegetable oils such as linseed oil or tung oils, may heating the fusible phenol-aldehyde condensabe introduced at anystage during the condensation products with esters, or partial esters, of tion. r polyhydric alcohols. Partial esters of polyhydric The invention also includes a process whereby alcohols such as glycerol with linoleic acid as the condensation is carried out in the presence 15 well as-with phthalic acid have been proposed in of an inert gas. this connection, (see, for example, British speci- The invention further includes lacquers and fication No, 370,946), varnishes comprising synthetic resin composi- In all cases, in order to obtain the reaction betions prepared according to the preceding paratween the acidic condensate and the partial graphs. p 20 ester, it is necessary to employ a high tempera- The following examples illustrate the nature ture (200 C. to 300 C.) fora considerable time of the invention but do not restrict it to these a as otherwise the esterification is far from comexamples. The parts are by weight:--- plete. Y I It has now been discovered that by dissolving, Example 1 2 at a moderately low temperature (150 C.) a t 20 parts of a fusible resin prepared from fusible phenol-aldehyde condensation product in ,o-cresol and formalin in the presence of an a partial ester, and then instead of causing the alkaline catalyst are dissolved in 40 parts of free hydroxyl groupsof the partial ester to react sly-p y 1110110 linoleate d heated 170 with the condensation product, to esterify then until perfectly bright. 15 parts of phthalic an- 30 with an organic acid or anhydride, greatly imhydride are added and the reaction mixture proved synthetic resin compositions are proheated to 230 C., for 1 to 2 hours. i The resulting duced, which are soluble in vegetable oils, and resin is soluble in vegetable oils. which can be used in the preparation 01' varm'shes andcoating compositions. I Example? 7 i 35 According to the present invention, a process 25 p ts o a fusible resin o t ed om para j for preparing an oil soluble synthetic resin comtertiary buty Phenol a formaldehyde 111 th position comprises dissolving at a temperature presence of an alkaline catalyst, are dissolved in at which no substantial est'eriflcation will occur, 20 Parts Of y ry om) i ole te and heated 40 an oil insoluble fusible phenol-aldehyde resin in i50 until b t parts of Dhthalic a 40 a partial ester of a polyhydric alcohol and therehydride are added, and the reaction mixture after esterifying the free hydroxyl groups. I iat 9 1 to 2 Q The resulting" The t t m, of the ester is pr f rably resin is soluble in vegetable oils in all propora monobasic acid such as acetic acid or a vege tions- 45 table oil acid and the free hydroxyl groups are Ewample preferably estel'ified with a polybasic organic H 25 parts of a fusible resin obtained from para a id 1 n y r and h esterificatlon Of the cresol and formalin in the presence of an acid hy groups is ef y heating to a t mcatalyst are dissolved in 20 parts of glyceryl mono perature well above .200? suflicient to effect linoleate and heated to 150 C. until bright, 9

5 such esterification. parts of p'hthalic anhydr'icle are added and the The partial ester of the polyhydric alcohol temperature raised to 200 C., when 40 parts of may be prepared from any polyhydric alcohol China-wood'oil are added. The heating is con-. containingthree or more hydroxyl groups, and 'tinued for 1 hour at 200 C. and then for a further:

, any monobasic organic acid such as acetic, 1 hour at 250 0., when it is allowed to cool, 55

1 thinners and driers are added to produce a i varni sh'which air dries in 8'hours to a tough flexible 'film.

- Example 4 40vparts of a fusible resin obtained from para cresol and formalin in thepresence of an alkaline catalyst are dissolved at 150 C. in parts of glyceryl mono linoleate, 10 parts of phthalic anhydride are added and the temperature raised to 200 C. when parts of China-wood oil are added, and the condensation continued for 1 hour. The temperature is then raised to 250 C. for 1 hour and after cooking, the resultant resinous mass is thinned with solvents, driers added to produce an air drying varnish. 'I'he condensation is carried out in the presence of carbon dioxide. i

I claim:

1. A process for preparing an oil soluble synthetic resin composition consisting of first dissolving at C. a fusible condensation product produced from reactants consisting of a phenol and formaldehyde in a partial ester of a drying fatty oil acid and a polyhydric alcohol, which ester contains at least two free hydroxyl groups and then adding a sufiicient quantity of phthalic anhydride to esterify the free hydroxyl groups and heating to a temperature suflicient to effect such esterification.

2. The process for preparing an oil soluble synthetic resin composition consisting of first dissolving at 150 C. a fusible condensation product produced from reactants consisting of a-phenol and formaldehyde in glycerol monolinoleate then adding a sufiicient quantity of phthalic anhydride to esterify the free hydroxyl groups and heating to a temperature sufiicient to effect such esterification.

3. The process set forth in claim 1 in which the phenol reactant is o-cresol.

4. The process set forth in claim 1 in which the phenol reactant is para cresol.

SYDNEY LEONARD MORGAN SAUNDERS. 

